Yes, although it's not too easy to tell the difference between peach, apple, pear, and cherry, or at least the flavor differences are subtle. I'm sure there are folks that can tell the difference right off, but I suspect that often we expect a certain smoke flavor to be different just because the smell of the smoke is different. For instance, bradford pear wood smoke pretty much stinks compared to other fruit woods, although the smoke flavor is typical of fruit woods and mild, about like apple.
That said, there are definite differences, especially fruit woods compared to nut woods, and take pecan and shaggy bark hickory, for instance. Technically, pecan is a hickory, although my shaggy bark hickory smoke flavor is a lot more robust. Of course, for the size of the wood chunks, the hickory smoke lasts a lot longer.
I smoked 30 thighs on the big bullet this afternoon with K Comp, lump (leftover lump mix with a lot of it being Wicked Good), and a couple of sassafras chunks. I've smoked with sassafras many times, but let me tell you....talk about unique smells coming out of the cooker! (I think it was the WG lump, as it can smell funky.) All was good, though, and the smoke flavor was uniquely sassafras, and fantastic!