There is more on this forum than I could write in an entire evening. Do some searching and have fun reading.
I find that there are a few things that help with which fuel to use.
Availability - Most places in the US seem to have some source for both briquettes and lump. Most do not have year round availability. Unless money is no issue, it is most often best find a local source rather than pay for shipping. Local brands vary so find out what you have to work with. Having said that, it does seem like Kingsford is universally available.
Price - If you're near a Home Depot or Lowes and you wait for the sales, I have not seen anything that beats the summer sales on Kingsford. If price is your main concern, stock up at sale time (Memorial and Labor day).
Use - In a nut shell, Kingford is consistent and reliable. Lump and other briquettes may or may not be as consistent. This is where you have to work with what you can get and try out what's available.
Personally, I lean toward lump because I like that it produces less ash. I always have some Kingsford on hand just because. I'd never be concerned about using Kingsford and the reason I came to that conclusion is that from what I understand, it is used at many BBQ competitions. Not to say something else might be better, but I wouldn't hesitate to use it.