Lisbon, Portugal. We weren’t really prepared for what we’d learn on our tour.
Lisbon is a rapidly changing city. From what was a very poor and dilapidated and crumbling city, a renaissance is underway. That’s not all good.
Many locals can no longer afford to live in their own city center and foreign money has bought up a lot of the real estate.
On this block you can now find a few Michelin restaurants, Scarlet Johansson bought a building and Chef Jamie Oliver has opened a new restaurant. That gives you a hint at the money that’s flowed in over the past 8 years and only accelerated post pandemic.
The former Rothschild family bank which was a private lender/banking of the old Jewish community when Jews couldn’t bank in traditional banks.
Note, St. George’s castle in the distance, atop the highest point in Lisbon.
Note the white, multistory building in the dead center of this photo.
This is the location where 40,000 Jewish men were rounded up into a stockade for mass conversions, against the will of those men. Those who refused to convert were quartered for all the others to watch.
Here’s what Google says as it makes my posting a little easier than writing it all myself:
“
- Forced Conversion and "New Christians": In 1496-97, King Manuel I, under pressure to marry into the Spanish royal family and influenced by the Spanish Inquisition, decreed that Jews in Portugal must convert to Catholicism or face expulsion. Many Jews were forcibly baptized, becoming "New Christians," who, despite outwardly practicing Catholicism, often secretly maintained their Jewish faith.”
These were horrific times for the Jews of Portugal and especially Lisbon.
More from the Google:
“Lisbon's Jewish community faced forced conversions to Christianity in the late 15th century, leading to the creation of "New Christians" (Conversos) who secretly continued Jewish practices, and a tragic massacre in 1506
. While the city's Jewish quarter's physical remnants were largely erased by subsequent urban development and the 1755 earthquake, Lisbon now actively works to enhance its Jewish heritage through tours and memorials.“
The last sentence above is a massive stretch. Lisbon has a long way to go to own its past and to honor all those it slaughtered. Yes, changes have been made and are being made. But have you ever seen how long it takes to get molasses out of a jar? It’s really not that fast.
From our walking tour, we made our way through the three prior Jewish quarters. As the Jewish population grew over time, the Jewish community relocated to better serve the needs of its members.
The Carmo Convent Lisbon was a majestic Gothic church in Lisbon until it was destroyed by the earthquake of 1755.
It serves as a museum of Lisbon’s history and has an area dedicated to the few Jewish ruins that have been recovered today.
Portugal on gained it’s democratic freedom on April 25, 1974, just 51 years ago.
Google:
“The "Lisbon Uprising" primarily refers to the
Carnation Revolutionof April 25, 1974, a nearly bloodless military coup that overthrew the Estado Novo dictatorship in Portugal and led to the end of its colonial wars and the establishment of the Third Republic. While the Carnation Revolution is the most prominent event, an earlier "Castle Uprising" occurred in Lisbon in 1928, a military and civilian revolt against the Military Dictatorship that was ultimately suppressed.“
Here’s an enlarged picture of that day in Lisbon:
The Carmo Convent has a small Jewish artifacts museum. Here’s a few pics of what’s been salvaged and discovered today:
A gravestone
A crypt of the former Lisbon Rabbi (also a doctor and teacher) as many learned people had many roles. The Rabbi was buried in this grand crypt as he helped treat and heal the King of Portugal. I guess that’s one way to get a good send off.
Carving on this crypt showing the Rabbi was also a doctor.
Another headstone. All this inscription is hand chiseled. Incredible to just think about it.
Hidden below the city at the mouth of the Tagus River, once stood a Jewish synagogue. It collapsed during an earthquake and subsequent tsunami that burried the low land of Lisbon.
It’s basically where the bay meets the land in this pic.
A Church now sits atop those buried ruins which are perfectly preserved around 10 meters below the current grade. There are hopeful plans in the works to unearth that synagogue and add the remains to a Lisbon Jewish history museum. Until that museum space is acquired and built, the goal is the keep the old synagogue burried as it’s the best way to preserve it until it can be preserved once unearthed.